Lernwerd

until

//ʌnˈtɪl//

Preposition

A word placed before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show its relationship to another part of the sentence.

Conjunction

A word that links words, phrases, or clauses.

Note for until

Mnemonics, your own examples, reminders…

Definitions

Preposition

A word placed before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show its relationship to another part of the sentence.

  1. 1.Up to the time of (something happening); pending.

    • If you can wait until after my meeting with her, we'll talk then.
  2. 2.Up to (a certain place)

    • Keep walking until the second set of traffic lights, then turn left.
  3. 3.Before (a time).

    • Let's wait until Tom gets back.
    • Tom worked until late last night.
    • I never drove a car until I was thirty.
  4. 4.Up to the time that the foods or other things available to sell, or tasks which need to be completed, run out.

    • Bake sale on Saturday, 2pm until.

Conjunction

A word that links words, phrases, or clauses.

  1. 1.Up to the time that (a condition becomes true).

    • It took us a week before/until we got the house repainted.
    • Not until I got his email did I fully understand his disappointment.
  2. 2.Before (a condition becoming true).

    • It is never possible to settle down to the ordinary routine of life at sea until the screw begins to revolve. There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy.

Frequency

Overall

Very common· #316

By learning goal

Everyday conversation
Common
General reading & writing
Very common
Academic
Uncommon
Literature
Common

Etymology

From Middle English vntil, until, untill, ontil, ontill, perhaps representing a northern variant of Middle English unto (see Modern English unto).

By surface analysis, un- (“against; toward; up to”) + till.

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